🇷🇴 Romania
Public Sector Debt · 2026
Total Debt
58.2%
of GDP
Global Rank
#96
of 192
S&P Rating
BBB-
Credit rating
SOE Debt
+3.4%
3 categories
Where the Debt Sits
Central Government
Central Government: 51.3%Subnational: 3.5%Dev Banks: 1.5%Energy SOEs: 0.6%Infrastructure: 1.3%
Who Holds This Debt
Holder Breakdown
Domestic 50%
Foreign 50%
Domestic: 50%Foreign: 50%
Currency Denomination
Local 65%
Foreign 35%
Local currency: 65%Foreign currency: 35%
Full Debt Breakdown
Central Government51.3% of GDP
Central GovernmentEurostat — Government Debt (Maastricht)
51.3%Subnational / Regional3.5% of GDP
SubnationalEurostat — Government Debt (Maastricht)
3.5%Energy SOEs0.6% of GDP
Romgaz + NuclearelectricaAnnual reportsState energy companies
0.5%HidroelectricaHidroelectrica IPONearly debt-free after IPO
0.1%Infrastructure SOEs1.3% of GDP
CFR (railways)EU Commission / CFRRON 4.5B Marfa debt
1.0%TaromEU Commission state aidEUR 1B debt wiped
0.3%Development Banks1.5% of GDP
EximBank RomaniaEximBank financialsRON 26.7B
1.5%Total Corporate Debt27.6% of GDP
Nonfinancial corporate debtEurostat 2024
27.6%Household Debt12.5% of GDP
Household debtEurostat 2024
12.5%State Bank Liabilities3.0% of GDP
CEC BankCEC Bank Annual ReportRON 109B assets
3.0%All Layers Total101.3%
Credit Ratings
S&P
BBB-
Moody's
Baa3
Fitch
BBB
Data Sources
Eurostat — Government Debt (Maastricht)general_government · Updated semi_annual
Dec 202454.8% GDP
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